Georgia weather is characterized by its great diversity, which is somewhat surprising given the country’s small size. There two prevailing climatic zones that only shape Georgia weather but also separate the Eastern parts of the country from their Western counterparts. Another determining factor of weather in Georgia is the imposing figure of the Caucasus Mountain Range; the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range stops colder air masses from the North from penetrating the country, while the Lesser Caucasus Mountains acts as a shield against the infiltration of dry and hot air masses from the south.

Situated within the northern fringes of the humid subtropical zone, western Georgia receives abundant amounts of precipitation (from 1,000–4,000 mm per year); although to a certain extent evenly distributed throughout the year, the autumn season tends to experience considerably heavier rainfalls.

Georgia weather in the western parts of the country is also characteristically varied, elevation being its predominant determining factor. Most of the lowland areas experience relatively warm conditions throughout the year, while the hills and mountainous areas are typified by their cool although hot summers and cold winters with abundant snowfall that is often 2m deep in many regions.

Eastern Georgia weather falls somewhere in between the humid subtropical and continental variations, its patterns influenced in equal parts by dry, Central Asian/Caspian air masses from the east and humid, Black Sea air masses from the west. Ranging from 400–1,600 mm (15.7–63.0 in), Eastern Georgia’s annual precipitation is significantly less than that of western Georgia.

Summers in most parts of eastern Georgia are hot, but more so in the low-lying areas; winters are uniformly cold, while both seasons are considerably drier than spring and autumn. Frost is frequent in regions that lie above 2,000 meters even during the summer months.

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